See esh on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "shibilant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tesh"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "eshes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "esh (plural eshes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 34 30 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Phonemes",
"orig": "en:Phonemes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The IPA symbol ʃ."
],
"id": "en-esh-en-noun-vtg1Qy5Y",
"links": [
[
"IPA",
"IPA"
],
[
"symbol",
"symbol"
],
[
"ʃ",
"ʃ"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 34 30 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 58",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Latin letter names",
"orig": "en:Latin letter names",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Phonemes",
"orig": "en:Phonemes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The letter Ʃ/ʃ, used by some African languages."
],
"id": "en-esh-en-noun-sEXUDoqh",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"Ʃ",
"Ʃ"
],
[
"ʃ",
"ʃ"
],
[
"African",
"African"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ɛʃ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Esh (letter)"
],
"word": "esh"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "еж"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian еж (ež)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "је̑ж",
"tr": "jȇž"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian је̑ж (jȇž)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "sqj-pro",
"3": "*etska"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian *etska",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁eǵʰis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐχῖνος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐχῖνος (ekhînos)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "еж"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian еж (ež)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Igel"
},
"expansion": "German Igel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ežỹs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ežỹs",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From South Slavic; cf. Macedonian еж (ež), Serbo-Croatian је̑ж (jȇž).\nAlternatively, variant eshk would be more conservative, from Proto-Albanian *etska, with devoicing from *edz-k-a, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰis; cognate with Ancient Greek ἐχῖνος (ekhînos), Macedonian еж (ež), German Igel, Lithuanian ežỹs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "eshë",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eshi",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "eshët",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sq-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "esh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eshi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eshë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eshët",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eshin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eshë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eshët",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eshi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eshit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eshëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eshëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eshi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eshit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eshësh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eshëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eshk",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "masculine nouns",
"g": "m",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "esh m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "eshë",
"3": "eshi",
"4": "eshët"
},
"expansion": "esh m (plural eshë, definite eshi, definite plural eshët)",
"name": "sq-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "esh",
"10": "eshëve",
"11": "eshit",
"12": "eshëve",
"13": "eshësh",
"2": "eshë",
"3": "eshi",
"4": "eshët",
"5": "esh",
"6": "eshë",
"7": "eshin",
"8": "eshët",
"9": "eshi"
},
"name": "sq-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional Albanian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 34 30 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 37",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sq",
"name": "Mammals",
"orig": "sq:Mammals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hedgehog"
],
"id": "en-esh-sq-noun-BkpDgytP",
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"hedgehog",
"hedgehog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional) hedgehog"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"regional"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional Albanian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 34 30 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 51 22 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"look-alike, doppelgänger"
],
"id": "en-esh-sq-noun-qBP-xN5x",
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"look-alike",
"look-alike"
],
[
"doppelgänger",
"doppelgänger"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional, figurative) look-alike, doppelgänger"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"masculine",
"regional"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "iriq"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "uriq"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Vladimir Orel"
],
"word": "esh"
}
{
"categories": [
"Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Albanian lemmas",
"Albanian masculine nouns",
"Albanian nouns",
"Albanian terms derived from Proto-Albanian",
"Albanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Albanian terms inherited from Proto-Albanian",
"Albanian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sq:Mammals"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "еж"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian еж (ež)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "је̑ж",
"tr": "jȇž"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian је̑ж (jȇž)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "sqj-pro",
"3": "*etska"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian *etska",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁eǵʰis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐχῖνος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐχῖνος (ekhînos)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "еж"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian еж (ež)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Igel"
},
"expansion": "German Igel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ežỹs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ežỹs",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From South Slavic; cf. Macedonian еж (ež), Serbo-Croatian је̑ж (jȇž).\nAlternatively, variant eshk would be more conservative, from Proto-Albanian *etska, with devoicing from *edz-k-a, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰis; cognate with Ancient Greek ἐχῖνος (ekhînos), Macedonian еж (ež), German Igel, Lithuanian ežỹs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "eshë",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eshi",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "eshët",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sq-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "esh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eshi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eshë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eshët",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eshin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eshë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eshët",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eshi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eshit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eshëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eshëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eshi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eshit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eshësh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eshëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eshk",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "masculine nouns",
"g": "m",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "esh m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "eshë",
"3": "eshi",
"4": "eshët"
},
"expansion": "esh m (plural eshë, definite eshi, definite plural eshët)",
"name": "sq-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "esh",
"10": "eshëve",
"11": "eshit",
"12": "eshëve",
"13": "eshësh",
"2": "eshë",
"3": "eshi",
"4": "eshët",
"5": "esh",
"6": "eshë",
"7": "eshin",
"8": "eshët",
"9": "eshi"
},
"name": "sq-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Regional Albanian"
],
"glosses": [
"hedgehog"
],
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"hedgehog",
"hedgehog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional) hedgehog"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"regional"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Regional Albanian"
],
"glosses": [
"look-alike, doppelgänger"
],
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"look-alike",
"look-alike"
],
[
"doppelgänger",
"doppelgänger"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional, figurative) look-alike, doppelgänger"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"masculine",
"regional"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "iriq"
},
{
"word": "uriq"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Vladimir Orel"
],
"word": "esh"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ɛʃ/1 syllable",
"en:Latin letter names",
"en:Phonemes",
"sq:Mammals"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "shibilant"
},
{
"word": "tesh"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "eshes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "esh (plural eshes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The IPA symbol ʃ."
],
"links": [
[
"IPA",
"IPA"
],
[
"symbol",
"symbol"
],
[
"ʃ",
"ʃ"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The letter Ʃ/ʃ, used by some African languages."
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"Ʃ",
"Ʃ"
],
[
"ʃ",
"ʃ"
],
[
"African",
"African"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ɛʃ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Esh (letter)"
],
"word": "esh"
}
Download raw JSONL data for esh meaning in All languages combined (5.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (9c82c1c and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.